Boot camps are part of the correctional and penal system of some countries. Modeled after military recruit training camps, these programs are based on shock incarceration grounded on military techniques. The aggressive training used has resulted in deaths in a variety of circumstances. Boot camps are also criticized around the world for their lack of behavioral change and for the way extreme force can traumatize children and teenagers.[1]
Background[edit]
After you finish upgrading your Boot Camp Windows partition to Windows 10. Go back and boot into Mac OS X again, and get the latest Boot Camp software. Now your Windows 10 should contain all the drivers to fully support and run smoothly on your Mac hardware. New Hardware Supported. New Boot Camp 6.1 supports the following hardware on a Mac: USB 3. Boot Camp is a go-to method for Mac aficionados because it is already a part of macOS. The use of the utility allows dedicating a chunk of hard drive space to Windows, thereby allowing a Mac to function as a PC. The following is the list of Boot Camp’s pros: Full access to CPU-intensive programs such as 3D games or video editing tools.
The term 'boot' originates from US Navy and Marine recruits in the Spanish–American War (1898) who wore leggings called boots. These recruits were trained in 'boot' camps.[2][3]
Military-style training was used in the eighteenth century to rehabilitate civilian prisoners in the United States and for military prisoners during World War 2.[4][3]
Use around the world[edit]
Australia[edit]
In Australia the Premier of the state of Queensland Campbell Newman announced that bootcamps for convicted young people will open in Townsville and Rockhampton by September 2013, along with two other camps.[5]
Canada[edit]
In Canada, participation in boot camp programs is voluntary, so as to avoid any challenges under the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms under which treatment at boot camps could be seen as an infringement on a youth's right to not be subject to cruel and unusual punishment and to ensure security of person. Canada started a boot camp project for non-violent juveniles with differences from the American models. The first one was opened in 1997 in Ontario. Unlike in the US system it is not possible to trade or shorten a jail sentence with a significantly shorter boot camp program.
Canadian boot camps do not have the time frame of 90 to 180 days and they are restricted to juveniles under 18, and are not yet open to female offenders. The judges do not directly possess the authority to send a youth to a boot camp. They may impose a sentence of secure or open custody. The latter is defined as, 'a community residential center, group home, child care institution or forest or wilderness camp..' Once an open custody sentence is granted, a correctional official decides whether a sentence is served in a boot camp program. But the ultimate decision rests with the young person and the decision is made purely on the merits of the program because the time served remains the same.
The Canadian system is too new to show any comparable results but research has been done among US boot camps with different emphases, e.g. more on drug treatment or education than solely on military drill. According to the findings treatment has a slightly positive impact on the reduction of recidivism over strict discipline.
New Zealand[edit]
New Zealand set up its first boot camps in 1971 but they were abandoned in 1981. The boot camps were regarded as a failure with a 71% rate of re-offending among corrective trainees.[6] Prior to being elected into Government in 2008 the National Party released a policy of using boot camps for those with drug problems.[7] The Fifth National Government introduced military-style activity camps (MACs) run by the New Zealand Defence Force for forty of the most serious recidivist young offenders which involved marching exercises, mentoring, drug and alcohol treatment programs, education, and an assisted move back into the community. The Government also launched a nine-week camp for the most serious, recidivist offenders in Christchurch in 2010 and a court-supervised programme providing up to ten days of adventure camp activities. While the-then Deputy Prime Minister Paula Bennett claimed the programmes had succeeded in lowering offending among that group, this was disputed by Prime MinisterJohn Key's chief science adviser Sir Peter Gluckman in a 2011 report. The New Zealand Families Commission concluded that military camps and other measures such as curfews with electronic monitoring could not reduce re-offending on their own and that the most successful rehabilitation programmes involved the offenders' families.[8][9]
On 13 August 2017, Prime Minister Bill English promised to establish a boot camp known as the 'Junior Training Academy' for youth offenders at the Waiouru Military Camp during the 2017 election campaign. English clarified that the camp would be for small group of around 150 young offenders who had committed serious offenses including serious assault, sexual assaults, aggravated robbery and murder.[10] In response, youth Justice advocacy group JustSpeak director Katie Bruce criticized the proposed boot camp policy and argued that it would do little to curb re-offending among young offenders.[11] National's proposed policy was criticized by the radio host Mark Sainsbury, The Opportunities Party leader Gareth Morgan, the New Zealand First leader Winston Peters, and the University of Canterbury psychologist and author Jarrod Gilbert, who contended that the policy was aimed at enticing voters rather than helping youth offenders and that previous boot camp programmes had failed.[12][13] The boot camp policy was also criticized by both National's support partner, the Māori Party, and the opposition Green Party for doing little to address youth offending within the Māori and the Pasifika communities.[14]David Seymour, the leader of National's support partner the ACT Party, criticized the boot camp policy as a sign of the Government's failure to tackle 'broken families' and youth crime.[15]
United States[edit]
The first boot camps appeared in the states of Georgia and Oklahoma in 1983.[16][17] Boot camps are intended to be less restrictive than prison but harsher than probation.
In most U.S. states participation in boot camp programs is offered to young first-time offenders in place of a prison term or probation; in some states[where?] a youth can also be sentenced to participate in such a program. The time served can range from 90 to 180 days, which can make up for prison sentences of up to 10 years.[18] Federal shock incarceration programs are authorized under 18 U.S.C. § 4046, although the placement requires consent of the prisoner.
In 1995, the U.S. federal government and about two-thirds of the 50 states were operating boot camp programs. Presently, there are no statistics as to how many boot camps there are in the U.S. In 2000, there were 51 boot camps still open.[19] In 2010 80% of participants were ethnic minorities.[20]
There are many types of boot camps.[21] Some boot camps are more therapeutic. Boot camps such as West Ridge Academy[22] in West Jordan, Utah offer a wide range of activities, academics, and boarding school treatment programs to give students a well-rounded education.
State run boot camps were banned in Florida on June 1, 2006 through legislation signed by Florida GovernorJeb Bush after 14-year-old Martin Lee Anderson died while in a boot camp. Anderson died as drill instructors beat him and encouraged him to continue physical exercise after he had collapsed. While Anderson was unconscious, guards placed ammonia tablets near his nose in an attempt to revive him, and he suffocated. Anderson attended Bay County Boot Camp in Panama City, Florida.[23] The Victory Forge Military Academy in Florida has come under intense scrutiny of its methods, which border on physical abuse. The camp's defense is that the parents had signed a contract authorizing the use of physical force against their children.
Evaluation[edit]
Studies in the United States suggest that boot camps with a strong therapeutic component (such as education, drug treatment and counselling) have a positive effect on participants, while those that have no counselling and consist only of physical activity have a significant negative effect.[24][25] A key criticism is that the emphasis on authority can only result in frustration, resentment, anger, short temper, a low self-esteem and aggression rather than respect. Some boot camps have been the subject of abuse scandals. According to The New York Times there have been 31 known deaths of youths in U.S. boot camps since 1980.[1]
Alternatives[edit]
Boot camps claim to remove children 'from environments filled with negative influences and triggering events that produce self-defeating, reckless or self-destructive behavior'. Other types of programs (see outdoor education, adventure therapy, and wilderness therapy) use this method while avoiding all or some of the controversial methods of boot camps, and they claim lower recidivism.
See also[edit]
- Rock and a Hard Place, an HBO documentary film about youth boot camps in the U.S.
References[edit]
- ^ abJanofsky, Michael (2001-07-15). 'States Pressed As 3 Boys Die At Boot Camps'. The New York Times. Retrieved 2009-06-09.
- ^'World Wide Words: Boot camp'. World Wide Words. Retrieved 2019-04-02.
- ^ ab'History of Boot Camps'. Boot Camp Military Fitness Institute. November 2012. Retrieved May 27, 2018.
- ^Smith, Beverly A. (1988). 'Military Training at New York's Elmira Reformatory, 1888-1920'. Federal Probation. 52: 33–40. Retrieved 2018-10-07.
- ^'Newman announces boot camps for young offenders'. Brisbane Times. 24 March 2013. Retrieved 27 March 2013.
- ^'Boot Camps no more than 'Correctional Quackery' - Rethinking Crime and Punishment press release'. Scoop. 17 February 2009. Retrieved 20 July 2011.
- ^'Boot camps for teen crims in Nats' plan'. The Dominion Post. 29 January 2008. Retrieved 21 September 2011.
- ^'Boot camps tried and rejected - youth advocates'. Radio New Zealand. 14 August 2017. Retrieved 14 August 2017.
- ^Maxwell, Gabrielle. 'Youth offenders - Programmes for young offenders'. Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand. Retrieved 14 August 2017.
- ^Kirk, Stacey (13 August 2017). 'Special bootcamp for youth offenders at Waiouru army camp, under National'. Stuff.co.nz. Retrieved 14 August 2017.
- ^'5:22 am today Boot camps tried and rejected - youth advocates'. Radio New Zealand. 13 August 2017. Retrieved 14 August 2017.
- ^Sainsbury, Mark (14 August 2017). 'Mark Sainsbury: National's bootcamp policy is for voters, not offenders'. Newshub. Retrieved 14 August 2017.
- ^Satherley, Dan (13 August 2017). 'Boot camps don't work - Gareth Morgan, crime expert'. Newshub. Retrieved 14 August 2017.
- ^Jones, Nicholas (14 August 2017). 'Maori Party: National's boot camp plan an 'attack on Maori and Pasifika children''. The New Zealand Herald. Retrieved 14 August 2017.
- ^Young, Audrey (14 August 2017). 'Act's David Seymour calls out National's law and order policy'. The New Zealand Herald. Retrieved 14 August 2017.
- ^'Correctional Boot Camps: A Tough Intermediate Sanction'(PDF). U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, National Institute of Justice. February 1996. Retrieved 2010-10-07.
- ^'Correctional Boot Camps: Lessons From a Decade of Research'(PDF). U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, National Institute of Justice. June 2003. Retrieved 2010-10-07.
- ^'Troubled Teen Boot Camps - Problem with Teens, Troubled teens, help for troubled teens'. problemwithteens.com. Archived from the original on 2014-03-29.
- ^http://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/197018.pdf
- ^Riphagen, R. C. (2010) 'Effectiveness of Male Juvenile Boot Camps in the United States: A Critical Review of the Literature', Doctoral Dissertation, Azusa Pacific University.
- ^'Collegebound Network'. collegebound.net.
- ^Windmeyer, Shane. 'Boarding School Spotlight: West Ridge Academy'. Collegebound.net. Archived from the original on 2012-02-18. Retrieved 2013-02-16.
- ^'Boot Camps Abolished in Florida'. WJHG.
- ^Wilson, D.B.; MacKenzie, D.L.; Mitchell, F.N. (2003). 'Effects of correctional boot camps on offending'. Campbell Systematic Reviews. 1 (1): 1–45. doi:10.4073/csr.2005.6. S2CID37134142.
- ^Meade, B.; Steiner, B. (2010). 'The total effects of boot camps that house juveniles: A systematic review of the evidence'. Journal of Criminal Justice. 38 (5): 841–853. doi:10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2010.06.007.
Further reading[edit]
- Begin, P. Boot Camps: Issues for Consideration. (Ottawa: Library of Parliament, September 1996).
- 'BHIP: Studies Find Boot Camps Have High Rearrest Rates.', February 18, 1998
- Cowles et al. 'Boot Camp' Drug Treatment and Aftercare Intervention: An Evaluation Review. (Washington: National Institute of Justice, July 1995).
- Jones, P. Young Offenders and the Law. (North York: Captus Press, 1994).
- Mackenzie et al. 'Boot Camp Prisons and Recidivism in Eight States.' Canadian Journal of Criminology (1995), Vol. 3, No. 3: 327-355.
- McNaught, A. Boot Camps. (Toronto: Legislative Research Service, December 1995).
- Boot Camps: Issues for Canada(PDF). John Howard Society of Alberta. 1996. Archived from the original(PDF) on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2013-02-16.
- Rhue, Morton (Todd Strasser) (2010). Boot-Camp. Ravensburger Buchverl. ISBN9783473582556.
External links[edit]
- Boot camps at Project NoSpank
One of the best things about using a Mac is that you can have it all. Apple doesn’t make macOS available to other platforms, but Windows (and Linux, for that matter) is available as a download. With Boot Camp Assistant on Mac, you can load Windows onto your macOS machine and enjoy both platforms seamlessly. When it comes to apps and games, sometimes Windows is the only way to go!
Why install Windows on Mac
Many who choose to buy a Mac do so because they’re just not Windows fans. But, some apps just don’t run on macOS – or may be better on Windows. So you’ll definitely need to know how to install Windows on Mac.
It opens up a new realm of PC gaming, too. The games selection on macOS is limited; even with Apple Arcade, native PC gaming is still best on Windows.
Many professional apps are only available to Windows devices. This is especially true now that Apple has ended support for 32-bit apps. Many developers with Windows and macOS versions simply abandoned the macOS platform to focus on their Windows apps.
Luckily, most modern Macs can run Windows just fine. As you’ll see, even older Macs are very capable of running the latest version of Windows via Boot Camp.
How to Boot Camp a Mac: System requirements
Apple’s guidance on Windows 10 via Boot Camp is a bit fuzzy. Officially, it says these three devices support Windows 10 on Mac:
iMac (2012 model or later)
iMac Pro (any model)
Mac Pro (2013 or later)
You should also be running the latest version of macOS (at the time of writing, that’s macOS Catalina). Boot Camp comes pre-loaded on macOS, but if you don’t have it, download the Boot Camp Support Software here.
You can have as little as 64GB free storage space on your machine, though Apple says 128GB provides the best experience. To find out how much free storage space you have available on your Mac, select > About This Mac from the menu bar. In the popup window, simply select “Storage” to see how much space you have available.
How to prepare your Mac for Windows install
The reason 128GB of free space is recommended is Boot Camp for Mac (or Mac Boot Camp, whatever you prefer) essentially divides your hard drive in two: one for Mac, one for Windows. Automatic Windows Updates require 64GB storage, so 128GB gives your Mac plenty of storage to operate.
Apple’s list of machines officially available for Boot Camp all came with 128GB storage as a standard. Again, any Mac with as little as 64GB free space will work, but performance will suffer once you start getting below 128GB.
Boot Camp on Mac will not provide more room for Windows than Mac. Simply put, Boot Camp divides your storage space in two equal parts; if you have 100GB free space on your machine, it will not afford more than 50GB to Windows, which we know is inadequate. It will not allow 64GB for Windows, and 36GB for Mac. Boot Camp automatically affords very little space for Windows, which you can change.
You will need a USB flash drive with at least 16GB free space to install Windows 10 for Mac using Apple’s Boot Camp. The exception here would be the following machines machines running macOS El Capitan (10.11) or later, which don’t require a USB drive:
iMac (2015 or later)
iMac Pro
Mac Pro
How to use Boot Camp to install the Windows 10 ISO
Boot Camp For Mac Download
An ISO file is a disk image; there’s nothing fancy about it, it’s simply the archived version of any platform, like Windows. When you download the Windows 10 ISO file, you’re simply downloading the latest version of Windows!
Before you start, be sure your USB drive is plugged into your Mac. Then, take the following steps:
Head to the Microsoft Windows 10 ISO downloads page
Select which version of Windows 10 you want from the drop-down menu (Windows 10 is likely the only option, here).
Click Confirm
From the dropdown menu, select the language you’d like for your version of Windows 10 for Mac.
Click Confirm
Select 64-bit Download
In the popup, select your USB drive from the “Where” drop-down menu
Click Save
How to Install Windows 10 on Mac with Boot Camp
Once you’ve downloaded the Windows 10 ISO onto your USB drive, make sure you backup your Mac using Time Machine, or a method of your choosing. Then, follow these steps:
On your Mac, go to Finder > Applications > Utilities > Boot Camp Assistant.
Click Continue.
If the system doesn’t automatically find your ISO image on your attached USB drive, select “Choose” to find its location.
A slider may appear, showing Boot Camp is allowing 48GB for Windows. This is Apple’s default setting. Again, Windows 10 requires at least 64GB, and 128GB is preferred. If you see the slider, drag it to allow Windows as much room as is necessary to operate comfortably.
Click Install.
Type your Mac’s password.
Click OK.
Your Mac will restart. Instead of the normal macOS booting operation, you’ll instead see a Windows loading screen. You are essentially starting fresh, here. Now, perform these steps:
Choose your language for Windows 10 on Boot Camp
Click Install Now.
Click Next.
Select Custom: Install Windows Only
Click Drive 0 Partition X: BOOTCAMP
Click Next.
Windows is now being installed. Your Mac will restart a few times during this process. The first option you’re given is to use “express settings,” or custom. Express settings are fine; you can change settings later if you like.
It will also ask you to enter a username and password for this Windows 10 partition, just as you have to log-in to your Mac using macOS. After you’ve done so, click Next. Windows 10 will now boot on your Mac.
How to install Boot Camp on your Windows 10 partition
The first time you open Windows 10 on your Mac, a window will automatically appear for installing the Boot Camp download onto your Windows 10 partition. This is a critical step; it downloads drivers and software necessary to maximize your Windows 10 experience on Mac, and allows for seamless switching between the two platforms.
When you see the Boot Camp popup, take the following steps:
Click Install.
Accept the terms and conditions.
Click Install.
Click Finish once the installation has completed.
How to return to macOS from a Windows 10 Partition
There are two ways to go about this. The first is to select the “show hidden icons” option on the Windows 10 taskbar at the bottom of the screen. It will give you the option to “restart in macOS.” Clicking this will automatically reboot your computer into the Mac environment you’re comfortable with. Installing fonts for mac.
That’s a one-way street, though. A better practice to get into is simply restarting your Mac, and holding down the Option key during installation. A boot menu will appear, giving you the option to boot into macOS or Windows. This method is a touch longer, but is better if you need to navigate between the two operating systems often.
Do you really need Windows 10 for Mac?
Before heading down the Boot Camp Windows 10 for Mac route, think about whether or not you really need it. If you were using Microsoft Paint, to do things like annotate images, Capto is a great alternative for Mac. It has a simple, easy-to-use interface that allows you to do things like add thought bubbles and text to images. You can also perform many of Microsoft Paint’s more popular functions like drawing or paint-filling a selection.
Capto has the added benefit of being a robust screen recorder for Mac, as well as a lightweight video editor. Unless you’re really deep into Microsoft Paint’s feature-set, we think Capto will suit your needs just fine.
If Microsoft Publisher is your thing, try Swift Publisher for Mac instead. It has over 500 templates with 2,000 clipart images to choose from, and over 700 layouts for business cards and labels. You can even use it to make barcodes for your small business! Swift Publisher is also Mac-native, and adheres to design guidelines that are more suitable to users familiar with the Mac environment.
If you just need a lightweight IDE for coding, you don’t need to install Windows 10 on Boot Camp to get Notepad++. Instead, give CodeRunner for Mac a try! It has code completion for most languages, and is extensible. You can even add languages you don’t see listed. CodeRunner is also highly customizable; if you don’t want it to automatically do things like add closing brackets, you can tell it not to! It also has documentation for most popular coding languages right in the app.
Best of all, Capto, Swift Publisher, and CodeRunner are all available free using Setapp’s 7-day trial, where you can give all of Setapp’s included apps for Mac a try. It’s a lot easier than booting Windows 10 on a Mac!
Meantime, prepare for all the awesome things you can do with Setapp.
What Is A Boot Camp For Macbook Pro
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